Tutorials,Articles,Algorithms,Tips,Examples about Database

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SQL Server 2008 : Transact-SQL Programming - The OUTPUT Clause

In SQL Server 2005, the INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements were enhanced to support an OUTPUT clause to be able to identify the actual rows affected by the DML statement.

SQL Server 2008 : Transact-SQL Programming - TOP Enhancements

The TOP clause allows you to specify the number or percentage of rows to be returned by a SELECT statement. SQL Server 2005 introduced the capability for the TOP clause to also be used in INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements.

SQL Server 2008 : Transact-SQL Programming - The max Specifier

In SQL Server 2000, the most data that could be stored in a varchar, nvarchar, or varbinary column was 8,000 bytes. If you needed to store a larger value in a single column, you had to use the large object (LOB) data types: text, ntext, or image.

SQL Server 2008 : T-SQL Tips and Tricks (part 3) - Generating T-SQL Statements with T-SQL & De-Duping Data with Ranking Functions

The system catalogs in SQL Server 2008 contain a wealth of information you can use to save a lot of time and effort when generating SQL statements that need to be run repeatedly on a large number of database objects or when trying to build a column list for a query.

SQL Server 2008 : T-SQL Tips and Tricks (part 2) - Using CONTEXT_INFO & Working with Outer Joins

An outer join is used to return all the rows from the specified outer table (specified with LEFT OUTER, RIGHT OUTER, or FULL OUTER), even if the other table has no match. Rows returned from the outer table that have no corresponding match in the inner table display the value NULL for any columns retrieved from the inner table.

SQL Server 2008 : T-SQL Tips and Tricks (part 1) - Date Calculations & Sorting Results with the GROUPING Function

As you may know, working with the datetime data type in SQL Server can be a bit of a challenge. You probably already know how to use the datepart() function to extract specific components of a date (for example, year, month, day).

SQL Server 2008 : General T-SQL Performance Recommendations

How you write T-SQL queries can often have an effect on the performance of those queries. The following sections provide some general guidelines to keep in mind to help ensure that you are getting optimal performance from your queries.

SQL Server 2008 : General T-SQL Coding Recommendations (part 2) - Avoid SQL Injection Attacks When Using Dynamic SQL & Comment Your T-SQL Code

SQL injection is usually the result of faulty application design—usually an unvalidated entry field in the application user interface.

SQL Server 2008 : General T-SQL Coding Recommendations (part 1) - Provide Explicit Column Lists & Qualify Object Names with a Schema Name

In SQL Server 2005, the behavior of schemas was changed from earlier versions of SQL Server. SQL Server 2005 introduced definable schemas, which means schemas are no longer limited to database usernames only.

SQL Server 2008 : Advanced Stored Procedure Programming and Optimization - Using Extended Stored Procedures

Extended stored procedures are invoked and managed similarly to regular stored procedures. You can grant and revoke permissions on extended stored procedures as you do for normal stored procedures

SQL Server 2008 : Advanced Stored Procedure Programming and Optimization - Installing and Using .NET CLR Stored Procedures

Prior to SQL Server 2005, the only way to extend the functionality of SQL Server beyond what was available using the T-SQL language was to create extended stored procedures or COM components

SQL Server 2008 : Advanced Stored Procedure Programming and Optimization - Using Dynamic SQL in Stored Procedures

SQL Server allows the use of the EXEC statement in stored procedures to execute dynamic SQL statements. This capability allows you to do things such as pass in object names as parameters and dynamically execute a query against the table name passed in

SQL Server 2008 : Advanced Stored Procedure Programming and Optimization - Stored Procedure Performance

By default, SQL Server sends a message back to the client application after each statement is completed within the stored procedure to indicate the number of rows affected by the statement.

SQL Server 2008 : Using Remote Stored Procedures

The processing done by the remote stored procedure is, by default, not done in the local transaction context. If the local transaction rolls back, modifications performed by the remote stored procedure are not undone.

SQL Server 2008 : Using Temporary Tables in Stored Procedures

Temporary tables are commonly used in stored procedures when intermediate results need to be stored in a work table for additional processing. Local temporary tables created in a stored procedure are automatically dropped when the stored procedure exits

SQL Server 2008 : Advanced Stored Procedure Programming and Optimization - Nested Stored Procedures

Stored procedures can call other stored procedures, and any of those procedures can call other procedures, up to a maximum nesting level of 32 levels deep.

SQL Server 2008 : Advanced Stored Procedure Programming and Optimization - Using Cursors in Stored Procedures

Cursors in SQL Server can be declared as local or global. A global cursor defined in a stored procedure is available until it is deallocated or when the connection closes. A local cursor goes out of scope when the stored procedure that declared it terminates or the procedure scope changes.

SQL Server 2008 : T-SQL Stored Procedure Coding Guidelines

Transact-SQL (T-SQL) stored procedures should be treated just like reusable application code. You should follow these suggested guidelines to ensure that your stored procedures are solid and robust

SQL Server 2008 : Leveraging the Microsoft Sync Framework

Microsoft Sync Framework (MSF) is a complete platform enabling synchronization of data, files, feeds, or other critical information between clients, peers, and servers over common transport protocols and across networks

SQL Server 2008 : Using ADO.NET Data Services

ADO.NET Data Services (ADODS) is a platform for providing SQL Server data to websites, RIAs (such as Silverlight and Flash applications), and other Internet clients over standard HTTP using modern web development conventions.

SQL Server 2008 : Developing with LINQ to SQL (part 2) - Uncovering LINQ to SQL with Linqpad

To use Profiler, launch the application from the Windows Start menu, create a new trace using the File menu (select New Trace), and connect to your database of choice

SQL Server 2008 : Developing with LINQ to SQL (part 1)

LINQ enables developers to write code in either C# or VB.NET using the same set of syntactic conventions to query object collections (known as LINQ to Objects), XML documents (known as LINQ to XML), SQL Server data (known as LINQ to SQL), and other queryable resources.

Getting Comfortable with ADO.NET 3.5 and SQL Server 2008

To start coding with ADO.NET and SQL Server, you first need to connect to an instance of SQL Server. To do this, you need a connection string. A connection string is simply a string literal that contains all the parameters necessary to locate and log in to a server in a semicolon-delimited format

SQL Server System and Database Administration : System Views

System views are virtual tables that expose metadata that relates to many different aspects of SQL Server.

SQL Server System and Database Administration : System Tables & System Stored Procedures

System tables contain data about objects in the SQL Server databases (that is, metadata) as well as information that SQL Server components use to do their job.

SQL Server System and Database Administration : System Databases

SQL Server uses system databases to support different parts of the database management system (DBMS). Each database plays a specific role and stores information that SQL Server needs to do its job.

SQL Server 2008 : Monitoring Your Server - Monitoring Your CPU

The CPU of the server that SQL Server resides on will do the processing for your applications running SQL Server. Any CPU bottlenecks will thus impact the performance of your server

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : Querying XML Data Using XQuery (part 3) - XML DML & Converting a Column to XML

The XQuery specification does not provide a way for you to modify data, as you would have with the INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE keywords in T-SQL.

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : Querying XML Data Using XQuery (part 2) - SQL Server 2005 XQuery in Action

We first create an XSD schema (for reasons that will soon become clear) for our XML column. This schema will define the type of XML allowed in the column, including the XML data types and required properties for particular XML elements

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : Querying XML Data Using XQuery (part 1) - XQuery Defined

The first thing to remember is that XQuery is an XML language, so all the rules of XML apply: It is case sensitive and its keywords are all in lowercase.

SQL Server 2008 : Monitoring Your Server - Familiarizing Yourself with the Performance Monitor

The System Monitor section provides realtime statistics on system activity in a graph, histogram, or report format. The Performance Logs and Alerts section allows you to store information about the activity on your system and set alerts to fire after surpassing your defined thresholds.

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : FOR XML Commands (part 3) - OPENXML Enhancements in SQL Server 2005

To shred data into relational rows using OPENXML, you must first create an XML document handle using the system stored procedure sp_xml_preparedocument

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : FOR XML Commands (part 2) - FOR XML EXPLICIT

FOR XML EXPLICIT is the most complex but also the most useful and flexible of the three options. It produces XML by constructing a UNION query of the various levels of output elements.

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : FOR XML Commands (part 1) - FOR XML RAW & FOR XML AUTO

FOR XML RAW produces what we call attribute-based XML. FOR XML RAW essentially creates a flat representation of the data where each row returned becomes an element and the returned columns become the attributes of each element.

SQL Server 2008 : Audit-Related Startup and Shutdown Problems

When either the ON_Failure = On or Shutdown Server on Audit Log Failure option is checked, SQL Server will not start if it cannot initialize the target for an audit or if it cannot write to the target of an audit.

SQL Server 2008 : Creating SQL Server Audits Using the GUI

Since you know how to create SQL Server audits and add server and database audit specifications using T-SQL, we would like to spend a brief moment on the creation of SQL Server audits from SQL Server Management Studio.

SQL Server 2008 : Creating Database Audit Specifications

Database-level audit action groups consist of actions against a specific database. Database-level audit actions enable you to monitor actions on database, schemas, and schema objects within the database.

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : The XML Data Type (part 3) - XML Indexes

There are four types of XML indexes: a single “primary XML index” that must be created and three types of optional “secondary XML index” that are created over the primary index

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : The XML Data Type (part 2) - XML Schemas

One powerful feature of XML is its ability to strongly type the data in an XML document. XML Schema Definition (XSD) defines a standard set of data types that must be supported in all XML documents.

Programming Microsoft SQL Server 2005 : The XML Data Type (part 1) - Working with the XML Data Type as a Variable & Working with XML in Tables

There are some limitations of the XML data type that you should be aware of. Although this data type can contain and be checked for null values, unlike other native types, you cannot directly compare an instance of an XML data type to another instance of an XML data type