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Windows 7 : Working with the Multi-Touch User Interface (part 3) - Adding Multi-Touch Interface Functionality

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3.3. Adding Multi-Touch Interface Functionality

The example application presents a typical business situation in that you'll use a similar process for any application you create. In many cases, you'll create the application first, test it, and then add a Multi-Touch Interface to it. The following sections describe a process you could use for new Windows Forms applications or updates to existing applications.

3.3.1. Creating the Business Logic

The code begins with a pair of event handlers for btnTest and btnQuit. The example uses very simple code for these event handlers to keep the focus on the Multi-Touch Interface functionality. Listing 1 shows the event handler code.

Example 1. Creating some simple button event handlers
private void btnQuit_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// End the program.
Close();
}

private void btnTest_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Display a message box.
MessageBox.Show("This is a message box!");
}

As you can see, btnQuit_Click() closes the form (ending the application) and btnTest_Click() displays a simple message box. A production application would provide far more functionality, but these simple examples work fine for this example.

3.3.2. Initializing the Multi-Touch Platform

The focus of the Multi-Touch Platform is the TouchHandler object. You need to create a global TouchHandler object, ThisTouch, to receive user touch events, as shown here:

private TouchHandler ThisTouch;

The example focuses on down touches. When the user touches the screen, the touch device generates a down-touch event. When the user lifts the finger, the touch device generates an up-touch event. There are a number of other gestures you can monitor as well, but for this example, all you really need to know about are down touches. Most business applications will need to detect the touch device and then create event handlers for the touch device as needed. Listing 2 shows a typical implementation of such logic.

Example 2. Performing TouchHandler initialization
public frmMain()
{
// Perform the standard initialization.
InitializeComponent();

// Check for a touch device.
if (TouchHandler.DigitizerCapabilities.IsMultiTouchReady)
{
// Create the touch handler object.
ThisTouch = Factory.CreateHandler<TouchHandler>(this.Handle);

// Add a touch event handler.
ThisTouch.TouchDown +=
new EventHandler<TouchEventArgs>(ThisTouch_TouchDown);
}
else
{
// Tell the user there is no touch device available.
MessageBox.Show("No touch device is available.");
}
}

The TouchHandler.DigitizerCapabilities property provides access to a number of values that help you discover the touch device capabilities. All that you really need to know to start is whether the touch device even exists. The IsMultiTouchReady property provides this information to you.

Once you know that the touch device exists, you can create the TouchHandler, ThisTouch. You don't use a standard constructor to perform this task. The code shows the proper technique of relying on a Factory to perform the task using the CreateHandler<TouchHandler> template. You must provide a handle to the appropriate window, which is going to be this.Handle in most cases for the current window.

3.3.3. Handling Multi-Touch Events

Now that you have a local instance of the TouchHandler, you can use it to add event handlers. The example uses the TouchDown event to track events when the user presses the button on-screen. As with most event handlers, you type +=, press Tab once to create the event handler definition, and press Tab a second time to create the event handler method. The event handler method, ThisTouch_TouchDown(), appears in Listing 3.

Example 3. Handling touch events
void ThisTouch_TouchDown(object sender, TouchEventArgs e)
{
// Convert the X and Y locations to a client window coordinate.
Int32 XCoord = e.Location.X - this.ClientRectangle.Location.X;
Int32 YCoord = e.Location.Y - this.ClientRectangle.Location.Y;

// Check the location against btnTest.
if ((XCoord >= btnTest.Location.X) &&
(XCoord <= btnTest.Location.X + btnTest.Size.Width) &&
(YCoord >= btnTest.Location.Y) &&
(YCoord <= btnTest.Location.Y + btnTest.Size.Height))

// Call the btnTest Click event.
btnTest_Click(sender, null);

// Check the location against btnQuit.
if ((XCoord >= btnQuit.Location.X) &&
(XCoord <= btnQuit.Location.X + btnQuit.Size.Width) &&
(YCoord >= btnQuit.Location.Y) &&
(YCoord <= btnQuit.Location.Y + btnQuit.Size.Height))

// Call the btnQuit Click event.
btnQuit_Click(sender, null);
}

The ThisTouch_TouchDown() method looks a little odd at first, but you need to consider how a touch device works. The user presses somewhere on the screen, which generates a touch event. Your code receives the event and calls ThisTouch_TouchDown(). The TouchEventArgs, e, contains a number of arguments, including the location of the press. However, the location information is in screen coordinates, not local client window coordinates. As a consequence, the code can't determine whether the user clicked btnTest or btnQuit without first converting the location to a client-based coordinate.

Let's pursue this a little more. For the sake of argument, the Multi-Touch client window's upper-left coordinate is currently at 80 pixels to the right of the display edge and 70 pixels from the top of the display, as shown in Figure 2. The user presses at a position of 280 pixels from the right of the display edge and 100 pixels from the top of the display. The actual client window coordinates then are 280 - 80 or 200 pixels from the right edge of the client window (XCoord) and 100 - 70 or 30 pixels from the top edge of the client window (YCoord).

Figure 2. Touch measurements are converted to the client location.

It's essential that you use the this.ClientRectangle.Location property when determining the window's current location on-screen because this.Location points to the location of the entire window. The this.ClientRectangle.Location property takes the window border and title bar into account when making position calculations. If you find that the user presses are falling outside the expected range, check for this potential problem in your code.


For this example, btnTest is located 197 pixels from the right edge of the client window and 23 pixels from the top edge of the client window. The button also has a width of 75 and a height of 23. So, let's take a look at the logic for the next section of code. The XCoord equals 200 and YCoord equals 30, so we have the following logic:

  • 200 >= 197

  • 200 <= 197 + 75

  • 30 >= 23

  • 30 <= 23 + 23

In short, all the statements are true. Therefore, the code calls btnTest_Click() and passes the current sender to it. The btnTest_Click() event handler doesn't use any of the event arguments, so the code sends null to it. The result is that the user sees the message box on-screen, just as if the user had pressed Alt+T or clicked Test. The code for btnQuit works precisely the same way as the code for btnTest.

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